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Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
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Association Between Adiposity Indicators and Intraocular Pressure.

Jung Lim Kim1, Kayoung Lee2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology​​​​​​.

Journal of Glaucoma
|November 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Intraocular pressure (IOP) is linked to obesity indicators in men, particularly abdominal obesity, but less so in women. This suggests sex-specific factors influence IOP and ocular hypertension risk.

Keywords:
abdominal obesityadiposity indicatorsintraocular pressureocular hypertensionsex

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology and Public Health
  • Metabolic and Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a key risk factor for glaucoma.
  • Adiposity indicators are increasingly recognized for their systemic health implications.
  • Understanding the relationship between obesity and IOP may reveal new insights into ocular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between intraocular pressure (IOP) and various adipose indicators.
  • To investigate potential sex differences in the associations between adiposity and IOP.
  • To explore the link between obesity metrics and the risk of ocular hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based, cross-sectional study involving 7,407 Korean adults.
  • Adiposity was assessed using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and cardiometabolic index (CMI).
  • Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured using a rebound tonometer, with statistical analyses adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • In men, IOP was positively associated with all measured adiposity indicators (BMI, WC, LAP, VAI, CMI).
  • In women, IOP was associated only with BMI, WC, and LAP.
  • Ocular hypertension was significantly associated with obesity and abdominal obesity in men, but not in women.

Conclusions:

  • Adiposity indicators show a stronger association with IOP and ocular hypertension in men compared to women.
  • Abdominal adiposity plays a significant role in ocular hypertension risk for men.
  • These findings suggest sex-specific pathways influencing intraocular pressure regulation.