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Updated: Jan 12, 2026
06:28
E-Patient Counseling Trial E-PACO: Computer Based Education versus Nurse Counseling for Patients to Prepare for Colonoscopy
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How Important is Healthcare-Contact Time to Systemic Treatment Decision-Making in Advanced Gastrointestinal Cancers:
Samuel X Stevens1,2, Ella El-Katateny3, Isaac Yeboah Addo3
1Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. samuel.stevens@sydney.edu.au.
The Patient
|November 3, 2025
Summary
This study explored how time toxicity impacts treatment decisions for advanced cancer patients. Six key factors were identified to help quantify and address the time burden in cancer care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Health Services Research
- Decision Science
Background:
- Advanced cancer patients spend significant survival time in healthcare settings, termed 'time toxicity'.
- The influence of this time burden on patient and caregiver treatment decision-making remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore treatment decision-making in advanced gastrointestinal cancer involving patients, caregivers, and oncologists.
- To identify the role of time burden in these decisions.
- To inform the design of a discrete-choice experiment (DCE) on time burden in cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Semi-structured interviews with 45 participants (patients, caregivers, oncologists) to identify factors in treatment decision-making.
- Thematic analysis of interview responses to extract measurable themes for DCE candidate attributes.
- Review of 45 stated-preference studies in cancer treatment decision-making to compare with identified attributes.
Main Results:
- Four themes and six candidate attributes were identified: expected survival benefit, physical side effects, impact on daily functioning, route of administration, healthcare contact days, and treatment duration.
- No additional attributes were found from the literature review.
Conclusions:
- Six candidate attributes for a DCE on time burden in advanced cancer care were identified.
- Findings support efforts to quantify and address 'time toxicity' in cancer treatment decision-making.
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