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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
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X-ray white beam based 26.7 Hz dynamic tomography.

Rongchang Chen1,2, Honglan Xie2, Guohao Du2

  • 1Institute of Advanced Light Source Facilities, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.

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|November 3, 2025
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Summary

We developed a dynamic synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SR-µCT) system capable of 26.7 Hz imaging. This high-speed 4D imaging technique enables real-time 3D structural evolution studies, particularly for in vivo biomedical applications.

Keywords:
dynamic CTsynchrotron radiationwhite beamx-ray

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Engineering
  • Biomedical Imaging

Background:

  • Synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SR-µCT) is crucial for 3D structural analysis.
  • Traditional SR-µCT has limited temporal resolution, hindering real-time studies.
  • Dynamic SR-µCT is emerging for capturing rapid structural changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a high-speed dynamic SR-µCT system.
  • To achieve 4D (3D + time) imaging capabilities at high frame rates.
  • To enable real-time observation of dynamic processes.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented a dynamic SR-µCT system at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BL09B).
  • Utilized a filtered white beam and key components: fast shutter, air-bearing rotation stage, high-efficiency detector with Photron FASTCAM SA-Z, and synchronization clock.
  • Achieved an operational speed of 26.7 Hz.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated a dynamic SR-µCT system operating at 26.7 Hz.
  • Confirmed the system's capability for high-resolution, real-time 3D imaging.
  • Validated the feasibility for in vivo four-dimensional studies.

Conclusions:

  • The developed dynamic SR-µCT system significantly enhances temporal resolution for 4D imaging.
  • This technology is highly promising for advancing biomedical research and other time-resolved scientific investigations.
  • Enables unprecedented insights into dynamic structural evolution in real-time.