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Estimate the Cognitive Load Using Electrocardiographic Measure: A Human-AI Collaborative Task

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Estimating psychophysiological loads by repeated temperature steps on humans using a state-space model.

Miho Iwasaki^1,2, Yusuke Morito¹, Kyosuke Watanabe^1,3

¹RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Chuo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo, Japan.

|November 3, 2025

Summary

Daily temperature changes can impact health and cause fatigue. This study found that repeated temperature shifts strain the autonomic nervous system, with larger shifts causing greater load.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Health
Human Physiology
Psychophysiology

Background:

Humans frequently experience indoor and outdoor temperature fluctuations globally.
The health and fatigue risks associated with these temperature differences are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the psychophysiological stress induced by repeated short-term temperature variations in Japanese individuals.
To quantify the accumulated effects of environmental temperature steps.

Main Methods:

Twenty-eight healthy participants were exposed to controlled temperature changes (0°C, 5°C, 10°C, and 15°C steps).
Psychological and physiological responses, including heart rate variability (HRV) indices, were recorded.
A Bayesian state-space model was employed to estimate accumulated effects (load) versus direct environmental effects.

Main Results:

Repeated temperature steps led to a continuous increase in autonomic nervous system load, indicated by decreased high-frequency (HF) RRI and increased low-frequency/high-frequency (LF/HF) RRI.
The 15°C step (T21-36) resulted in a lower autonomic load compared to the 10°C step (T26-36).

Conclusions:

Sudden, uncontrollable environmental temperature changes impose a significant load on the autonomic nervous system.
Findings can inform fatigue management strategies and public health recommendations to mitigate adverse health effects from environmental temperature shifts.