Peroxisome engineering in yeast: Advances, challenges, and prospects

Area of Science:

• Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering.
• Biotechnology and biomanufacturing.
• Cellular compartmentalization and pathway optimization.

Background:

• Peroxisome engineering in yeast offers a powerful strategy for biomanufacturing.
• Compartmentalization within peroxisomes mitigates product toxicity and enhances storage.
• Challenges include understanding membrane permeability, cofactor supply, and glucose repression.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in yeast peroxisome engineering for biomanufacturing.
• To highlight strategies for optimizing natural product biosynthesis using engineered peroxisomes.
• To critically evaluate limitations and discuss future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

• Engineering of peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1).
• Regulation of peroxisome proliferation and development of artificial transport systems.
• Application of machine learning for predicting gene overexpression and optimizing peroxisomal function.

Main Results:

• Summarizes progress in peroxisomal surface display, matrix engineering, and multi-organelle coordination.
• Demonstrates the importance of peroxisome engineering in optimizing yeast cell factories.
• Identifies key limitations and evaluates conventional and emerging optimization approaches.

Conclusions:

• Peroxisome engineering is crucial for advancing yeast-based biomanufacturing of natural products.
• Integrating machine learning with peroxisome engineering is key to overcoming current challenges.
• Future efforts will focus on sustainable and scalable biomanufacturing solutions.