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Synaptic Vesicle Cycle: From Mechanistic Insights to Epigenetic Perspectives
Shiwangi Gupta1,2, Abhinoy Kishore3,4, Vikas Rishi1
1National Agri-Food Biomanufacturing Institute, Knowledge City, Sector-81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.
ACS Chemical Neuroscience
|November 3, 2025
Summary
The synaptic vesicle cycle, crucial for neuronal communication, is regulated by proteins and epigenetics. Disruptions in this cycle are linked to neurological disorders like autism and Alzheimer's disease.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Molecular Biology
- Epigenetics
Background:
- The synaptic vesicle cycle is vital for neurotransmission and neuronal communication.
- It involves regulated steps like vesicle biogenesis, fusion, recycling, and degradation.
- Proteins are key to coordinating vesicle trafficking during this cycle.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the molecular and epigenetic regulation of the synaptic vesicle cycle.
- To highlight the role of epigenetic modifications in vesicle dynamics.
- To connect synaptic vesicle cycle dysregulation to neurological disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of molecular and epigenetic factors.
- Analysis of protein functions in vesicle trafficking.
- Examination of epigenetic mechanisms (DNA methylation, histone acetylation, microRNA).
Main Results:
- Epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone acetylation, microRNA) modulate synaptic vesicle dynamics.
- These modifications impact neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity.
- Disruptions are associated with synaptopathies such as autism, schizophrenia, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's diseases.
Conclusions:
- Gene expression and protein function are intricately linked to synaptic vesicle cycle regulation.
- Epigenetic factors play a significant role in maintaining synaptic health.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for addressing neurological disorders.
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