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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

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Injectable bioresorbable conductive hydrogels for multimodal brain tumor electroimmunotherapy.

Amit Singh Yadav1, Umut Aydemir1, Karin Hellman1

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New injectable conductive hydrogels offer a safer, more effective way to deliver brain electrotherapy for glioblastoma. These soft, highly conductive materials can be delivered minimally invasively, potentially improving patient outcomes and activating the immune system against tumors.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Current brain electrode technologies are too rigid for safe electrotherapy delivery.
  • Glioblastoma patients have a poor prognosis despite conventional treatments that can suppress immune function.
  • There is an urgent need for immune-activating therapies for glioblastoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop injectable conductive hydrogels matching brain tissue softness for enhanced electrotherapy delivery.
  • To investigate the efficacy of these hydrogels in treating glioblastoma.
  • To evaluate the immune-activating potential of the novel hydrogel-based therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered injectable conductive hydrogels with high conductivity and brain-tissue-like softness.
  • Minimally invasive implantation via narrow capillaries (30 µm), convection-enhanced delivery (CED), or endovascular catheters.
  • Tested in a human glioblastoma xenograft model in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogels exhibited significantly higher conductivity than previously reported injectable hydrogels.
  • Tumor obliteration was achieved within three days using CED followed by irreversible electroporation.
  • Other injection methods inhibited tumor growth, induced immunogenic cell death, and promoted immune cell infiltration.

Conclusions:

  • Injectable conductive hydrogels represent a promising new platform for minimally invasive brain electrotherapy.
  • This approach demonstrates potential for both direct tumor destruction and immune system activation against glioblastoma.
  • The technology may reduce the need for open brain surgery and improve glioblastoma treatment outcomes.