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Intensive post-war migrations and mtDNA variation based on Poland case.

Barbara Wasowicz1, Grzegorz Chrobak2, Marianna Soroka3

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|November 3, 2025
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Genetic diversity in Poland

Keywords:
EMPOP databaseForensic geneticsGenetic variationPost-war migrationmtDNA

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Area of Science:

  • Population genetics
  • Human genetics
  • Anthropology

Background:

  • Post-WWII population displacement in Western Pomerania, Poland.
  • Resettlement by Poles from diverse origins.
  • West Pomeranian Voivodeship population: 1.63 million.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Assess mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variability in Western Pomerania.
  • Compare genetic data with other European and Polish populations.
  • Investigate population heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 298 unrelated individuals from West Pomeranian Voivodeship.
  • Analyzed the entire mitochondrial control region (16024..16569, 1..576 bp in rCRS).
  • Identified haplotypes and haplogroups.

Main Results:

  • High level of genetic diversity in mtDNA found.
  • 243 unique haplotypes identified.
  • Common haplogroups: HV, U, T, J, and R0.
  • Probability of random match: 1:145.
  • High heterogeneity compared to neighboring German populations.

Conclusions:

  • Western Pomerania exhibits significant genetic diversity, among the highest in Poland and Europe.
  • Mitochondrial DNA analysis reveals distinct population structure.
  • Genetic profile reflects historical population movements and resettlements.