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Generalized Navier-Stokes model for ballistic and tomographic electrons.
Jorge Estrada-Álvarez1, Francisco Domínguez-Adame2, Elena Díaz2
1GISC, Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain. jorgestr@ucm.es.
Scientific Reports
|November 3, 2025
Summary
Researchers developed a new electron hydrodynamics model, improving accuracy beyond conventional methods. This generalized Navier-Stokes equation accurately describes electron behavior in channels, including complex collisions and magnetoresistance effects.
Area of Science:
- Condensed matter physics
- Quantum transport phenomena
Background:
- Electron hydrodynamics describes electron behavior as a fluid using Navier-Stokes-like models.
- Conventional models lose accuracy in the ballistic regime and miss certain transport phenomena.
Purpose of the Study:
- To derive a generalized Navier-Stokes equation for electron drift velocity in channels.
- To extend the validity range of hydrodynamic models and include electron-electron collisions.
Main Methods:
- Derivation of a generalized Navier-Stokes differential equation with specific boundary conditions.
- Inclusion of electron tomographic dynamics to model electron-electron collisions.
Main Results:
- A closed-form solution is obtained for uniform channels, spanning hydrodynamic model validity.
- The model explains positive and negative magnetoresistance at low magnetic fields.
- Phenomena missed by conventional models are described, improving overall accuracy.
Conclusions:
- The generalized model enhances the description of electron hydrodynamics.
- It provides a more accurate framework for understanding electrical transport, especially concerning electron-electron interactions and magnetoresistance.
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