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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Components of Language01:24

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Associative Learning01:27

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Associative learning is a fundamental concept in behavioral psychology, wherein a connection is established between two stimuli or events, leading to a learned response. This process is critical in understanding how behaviors are acquired and modified. Conditioning, the mechanism through which associations are formed, can be divided into two main types: classical conditioning and operant conditioning, each elucidating different aspects of associative learning.
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task
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When less is more: Evidence from Korean-learning children's verb acquisition.

Angela Xiaoxue He1, Hyun-Joo Song2, Kyong-Sun Jin3

  • 1Department of English Language and Literature, https://ror.org/0145fw131Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.

Journal of Child Language
|November 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Children learning new verbs find it harder when given extra details about the subject. This study shows that less linguistic information can be more beneficial for verb acquisition in preschoolers.

Keywords:
Koreaneye trackingpreschoolerssyntactic bootstrappingverb learning

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Linguistic context aids children's acquisition of novel verbs.
  • Previous research suggests modified subjects may increase processing load, hindering learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if Korean-learning preschoolers experience similar difficulties with modified subjects during verb learning.
  • To examine the cross-linguistic validity of the "less is more" hypothesis in early language acquisition.

Main Methods:

  • Korean-learning preschoolers were presented with novel verbs in sentences with both unmodified and modified subjects.
  • Performance was assessed across three distinct situational contexts to evaluate learning outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Preschoolers learning Korean showed difficulty processing novel verbs when subjects were modified compared to unmodified.
  • This learning difficulty persisted across various contexts, even when modified subjects were informative.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support prior English-based research, indicating that reduced linguistic complexity aids verb learning in young children.
  • The results provide cross-linguistic evidence for the principle that less information can be more beneficial for language acquisition.