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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

High-Throughput Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence and Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Using a Photonic Chip
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piSTORM: programmable illumination in stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy.

Anupam Bharadwaj, Amalesh Kumar, Bithiah Grace Jaganathan

    Optics Letters
    |November 4, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a programmable illumination system for super-resolution microscopy. This method precisely targets regions of interest, reducing photobleaching and enabling advanced imaging of cellular structures.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microscopy
    • Biophysics
    • Optical Engineering

    Background:

    • Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM) offers super-resolution imaging capabilities.
    • Conventional STORM illumination can lead to widespread photobleaching, limiting imaging efficiency.
    • Precise control over illumination patterns is crucial for advanced super-resolution techniques.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To implement a programmable illumination system for STORM.
    • To enable user-defined illumination patterns for arbitrary regions of interest (ROIs).
    • To minimize photobleaching in STORM imaging.

    Main Methods:

    • Holographic modulation of the excitation beam profile using a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LCSLM).
    • Implementation of a binary hologram in a plane conjugate to the sample plane.
    • Real-time, programmable adjustment of illumination patterns without mechanical movement.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated a programmable illumination scheme for STORM.
    • Successfully imaged quantum dots and actin filaments in U87MG cells.
    • Showcased the ability to image different ROIs with arbitrary shapes in the same field of view.

    Conclusions:

    • The programmable illumination system effectively reduces unnecessary photobleaching.
    • This method facilitates super-resolved STORM imaging of specific cellular regions.
    • The system allows for dynamic, real-time imaging of multiple ROIs within a single field of view.