Malignant Hypertension Complicated by Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES)

Clinical signs and symptoms of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) include headache, altered mental state, vision loss, and seizures. Neuroradiological results exhibiting white matter abnormalities, primarily in the parieto-occipital areas of the brain, are linked to PRES. Hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, renal failure, and immunosuppressive or anticancer treatment are the most common conditions associated with PRES. In the context of increasing renovascular hypertension resulting from bilateral atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, we present a case with PRES coupled with severe hypertension. The patient's MRI brain showed extensive white matter changes consistent with the syndrome. The pathophysiology of PRES is examined, and the significance of an early diagnosis and course of therapy is underlined.