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Addressing Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B Risks: Screening and Preventative Care for People Who Inject Drugs.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis A and B screening and vaccination rates were low among people who inject drugs hospitalized with infections. Improved screening initiatives are needed to increase vaccination coverage for these vulnerable populations.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • People who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk for hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections.
  • Hospitalizations for complicated infections in PWID offer a critical window for screening and vaccination.
  • This study assessed the uptake of HAV and HBV screening and vaccination in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the rates of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening and vaccination among people who inject drugs (PWID) admitted to the hospital.
  • To identify factors associated with screening and vaccination status in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of hospitalized PWID (January 2020-December 2022) was conducted.
  • Data on serological screening for HAV (IgG) and HBV (surface antigen, core and surface antibodies) and vaccinations were collected.
  • Descriptive statistics were used to analyze screening and vaccination prevalence.

Main Results:

  • Complete screening for HAV was performed in 35.8% of encounters, and for HBV in 53.5%.
  • Vaccination rates were 57.1% for HAV-negative and 58.3% for HBV-negative patients.
  • Males were more likely to receive HAV screening, while ICU admissions were associated with lower HBV screening rates.

Conclusions:

  • Complete screening for both HAV and HBV remains low in hospitalized PWID, despite vaccination opportunities.
  • Electronic serology order sets are recommended to enhance screening protocols.
  • Targeted interventions are crucial to improve hepatitis A and B prevention in PWID.