Comparative Analysis of Infection Rates Between Supra-Ampullary and Trans-Ampullary Biliary Stent Placements in...

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Interventional Radiology
• Oncology

Background:

• Biliary stent placement is essential for managing obstructive jaundice in cancer patients.
• Stent placement location (supra-ampullary vs. trans-ampullary) may impact complication rates.
• This study compares infection and obstruction rates for two distinct biliary stent placement strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate and compare post-procedural infection and stent obstruction rates.
• To assess the influence of supra-ampullary versus trans-ampullary biliary stent placement on patient outcomes.
• To determine the optimal stent placement strategy for minimizing complications.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 66 patients undergoing biliary stent placement (2017-2022).
• Patients divided into supra-ampullary (n=12) and trans-ampullary (n=54) groups.
• Assessed infection incidence at 30 and 90 days, and radiological stent obstruction within 90 days.

Main Results:

• Supra-ampullary group had significantly higher infection rates: 41.67% (30-day) and 58.33% (90-day) versus 12.96% (30-day) and 20.37% (90-day) in the trans-ampullary group (p<0.05 for both).
• No statistically significant difference in stent obstruction rates within 90 days between the groups (p=0.296).
• Higher infection rates in the supra-ampullary group were statistically significant at both 30 and 90 days.

Conclusions:

• Supra-ampullary biliary stent placement is associated with increased post-procedural infection rates compared to trans-ampullary placement.
• The choice of stent placement strategy significantly influences infection risk.
• Optimizing stent placement is vital for reducing infections and improving outcomes in patients with obstructive jaundice.