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Novel Low-Cost Open-Access 3D Printed Microlaryngeal Surgery Trainer
Ethan T Moore1, Emily Ambrose1,2, Taylor G Lackey1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
The Laryngoscope
|November 4, 2025
Summary
A new 3D-printed microlaryngeal simulator offers a low-cost, reusable training tool for otolaryngology trainees. This simulation enhances surgical skills and confidence in performing microlaryngeal procedures.
Area of Science:
- Surgical Simulation
- Medical Education Technology
- 3D Printing Applications
Background:
- Otolaryngology trainees require extensive practice for microlaryngeal surgeries.
- Limited opportunities exist for hands-on microlaryngeal surgical training.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a low-cost, 3D-printed microlaryngeal simulator.
- To assess the educational value and validity of the simulator for surgical training.
Main Methods:
- Simulator design using CAD and 3D-printing with iterative improvements.
- Evaluation using porcine larynges with medical students, residents, and laryngologists.
- Assessment of construct, face, and content validity through blinded review and questionnaires.
Main Results:
- Trainees reported high satisfaction with self-efficacy, fidelity, and educational value (average >4/5).
- Participant confidence in performing microflap surgery increased significantly post-simulation (1.8/5 to 3.0/5).
- Blinded review demonstrated experts performed significantly better than novices, confirming construct validity.
Conclusions:
- The 3D-printed simulator is an effective, low-cost tool for practicing microlaryngeal surgery.
- The simulator demonstrates content, face, and construct validity for surgical training.
