Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 12, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
Published on: July 5, 2022
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of novel diabetes subgroups: A systematic review and meta-analysis
1Department of Endocrinology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No. 4 Chongshan Road, Huanggu District, Shenyang, 110000, China.
Abstract:
Proper classification of diabetes enhances accurate diagnosis and tailored management, and recent researchers introduce an innovative subgroup classification for adult diabetes. This study aims to evaluate the attributes of these novel diabetes subgroups. We conducted a systematic search across MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, focusing on the characteristics of novel diabetes subgroups. These included mild age-related diabetes (MARD), mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD), severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD), severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID), severe insulin-deficient and insulin-resistant diabetes (SIDRD), and severe obesity-related and insulin-resistant diabetes (SOIRD). Our review included 19 studies comprising 59,915 cases: 2,603 (4.34%) SAID, 14,946 (25.94%) SIDD, 9,285 (15.50%) SIRD, 13,323 (22.24%) MOD, 19,465 (32.49%) MARD, 87 (0.15%) SIDRD, and 206 (0.34%) SOIRD cases. The SIDD subgroup exhibited a reduced homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function. Both SIDRD and SIDD subgroups demonstrated elevated levels of HbA1c. Subgroups SIRD and MARD had decreased eGFR levels, correlating with a higher incidence of nephropathy. The SIRD subgroup presented the most significantly altered lipid metabolism and the highest insulin resistance. Distinct clinical and laboratory characteristics among the diabetes subgroups reveal the necessity for diverse treatment strategies. Tailored approaches are essential to effectively manage the various diabetes subtypes.
Related Concept Videos
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

