Training SONAR spatial interpretation using virtual reality

Area of Science:

• Human-Computer Interaction
• Cognitive Psychology
• Naval Technology

Background:

• Submariners interpret complex SONAR data under high-pressure conditions.
• Traditional time-bearing plots require difficult spatial transformations for tactical decision-making.
• Novel visualization methods are needed to enhance SONAR comprehension.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel egocentric, conformal VR display for SONAR data interpretation.
• To assess the impact of this VR aid on decision-making speed and accuracy.
• To investigate potential over-reliance on the VR display.

Main Methods:

• 81 participants were trained in a VR scenario to localize enemy vessels using a time-bearing plot.
• One group received an egocentric, conformal VR display overlay (supported condition).
• A control group received no display assistance (unsupported condition).

Main Results:

• The VR overlay significantly improved both speed and accuracy compared to the baseline.
• Over-reliance on the VR aid was observed in the supported group.
• Participants who combined traditional plots with the VR aid during training performed well without performance costs.

Conclusions:

• Novel display formats, like egocentric conformal VR, can enhance SONAR data comprehension.
• Care must be taken to mitigate over-reliance on such assistive technologies.
• Training strategies integrating traditional and novel displays may optimize performance.