Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase I Oxidative Reactions: Overview01:19

Phase I Oxidative Reactions: Overview

697
Phase I biotransformation, or functionalization, is a crucial chemical process that converts drugs and other xenobiotics into more water-soluble forms, facilitating expulsion from the body. It involves oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic reactions that add or unveil polar functional groups on lipophilic substrates. Key players in phase I reactions are the mixed-function oxidases. Situated in liver cell microsomes, these enzymes predominantly carry out drug metabolism. They require molecular...
697
Redox Equilibria: Overview01:23

Redox Equilibria: Overview

1.5K
A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
1.5K
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

12.5K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
12.5K
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions03:11

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

74.9K
Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
74.9K
Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis01:46

Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis

12.7K
In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
Ozone is a symmetrical bent molecule stabilized by a resonance structure.
12.7K
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

16.3K
Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate.  The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
16.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

FAHD1 prevents neuronal ferroptosis by modulating R-loop and the cGAS-STING pathway.

Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland)·2025
Same author

The high-risk factors of urinary infectious stones: a retrospective study.

Translational andrology and urology·2025
Same author

Identification of Rice LncRNAs and Their Roles in the Rice Blast Resistance Network Using Transcriptome and Translatome.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

A Scoring System Based on [ 18 F]PFPN PET and Clinical Features for Predicting Prognosis in Patients With Mucosal Melanoma.

Clinical nuclear medicine·2025
Same author

Complement C4b as a key mediator of synaptic loss and cognitive decline in brain aging.

Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy·2025
Same author

Cell-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds augmented with bone marrow aspirate concentrate promote cartilage regeneration.

Materials today. Bio·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Development and Validation of Chromium Getters for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power Systems
12:30

Development and Validation of Chromium Getters for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power Systems

Published on: May 26, 2019

7.7K

Switching the Reaction Pathway to the Oxide Path for High-Efficiency Acidic Oxygen Evolution.

Guiren Xu1,2, Lan Yang2, Guoyu Huang2,3

  • 1Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|November 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals how adaptive surface reconstruction in Ca2IrO4 catalysts enhances oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. This process shifts the catalytic mechanism, leading to highly efficient and stable electrocatalysis for water splitting.

Keywords:
IridiumOxide path mechanismOxygen evolution reactionPEMWEReconstruction

More Related Videos

Operation of a 25 KWth Calcium Looping Pilot-plant with High Oxygen Concentrations in the Calciner
06:34

Operation of a 25 KWth Calcium Looping Pilot-plant with High Oxygen Concentrations in the Calciner

Published on: October 25, 2017

8.3K
Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
08:57

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions

Published on: July 3, 2025

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Development and Validation of Chromium Getters for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power Systems
12:30

Development and Validation of Chromium Getters for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Power Systems

Published on: May 26, 2019

7.7K
Operation of a 25 KWth Calcium Looping Pilot-plant with High Oxygen Concentrations in the Calciner
06:34

Operation of a 25 KWth Calcium Looping Pilot-plant with High Oxygen Concentrations in the Calciner

Published on: October 25, 2017

8.3K
Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions
08:57

Scalable Syntheses of Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide using Cascade Design Oxidation and Highly Basic Reduction Reactions

Published on: July 3, 2025

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Dynamic structure-activity relationships in oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are difficult to study due to catalyst complexity.
  • Ca2IrO4, with its unique 1D IrO6 octahedra chains, serves as a model catalyst.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To decode the mechanistic evolution of Ca2IrO4 during OER.
  • To investigate the synergistic interplay between different facets of the catalyst.
  • To establish adaptive coordination reconstruction as a strategy for designing efficient OER catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Employing Ca2IrO4 as a model catalyst.
  • Utilizing in situ characterization techniques.
  • Performing theoretical calculations.
  • Testing catalyst performance in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE).

Main Results:

  • Ca2IrO4 (L-H-CIO) achieves exceptional OER performance with a low overpotential (279 mV at 10 mA cm-2) and 200-h stability.
  • The catalyst demonstrates high activity (1.78 V @ 2.0 A cm-2) and stability (>500 h at 1.0 A cm-2) in PEMWE.
  • Adaptive surface reconstruction drives a mechanistic transition from adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) to oxide path mechanism (OPM).

Conclusions:

  • Adaptive surface reconstruction is a key factor in enhancing OER catalyst performance.
  • The reconstructed (001) surface with edge-sharing IrO6 octahedra facilitates the OPM.
  • This work provides a roadmap for designing next-generation OER catalysts through adaptive coordination reconstruction.