Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

61.5K
Overview
61.5K
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

3.9K
Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
3.9K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

2.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
2.1K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

15.9K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
15.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Phenotype, Severity, and Therapy of Patients With LRP4 Antibody-Associated Myasthenia Gravis in the German Myasthenia Gravis Registry.

Neurology·2026
Same author

Proinflammatory Epstein-Barr Virus Antibody Functions Track with Disease Activity in Multiple Sclerosis.

Annals of neurology·2026
Same author

Rogue clones: When MS autoimmunity goes viral.

Science immunology·2026
Same author

Meningococcal prophylaxis in neurological diseases treated with complement inhibitors: an expert consensus for Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.

Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders·2026
Same author

A CSF disease-associated macrophage signature defines progressive multiple sclerosis.

Journal of neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

Multicentric prognostic observational study on biomarker profile in immunotherapy-naïve patients with highly active generalized myasthenia gravis (PROGNO-MG): a study protocol.

Neurological research and practice·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Author Spotlight: Dendritic Cells Maturation Using Sialidases-Based Enzymatic Treatment of the Cell Surface
13:36

Author Spotlight: Dendritic Cells Maturation Using Sialidases-Based Enzymatic Treatment of the Cell Surface

Published on: October 20, 2023

4.2K

Polysialic acid restrains inflammatory monocyte maturation.

Ingredy Passos1, Benjamin Peschke2, Shrey Gandhi3,4

  • 1Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.

Frontiers in Immunology
|November 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alpha2.8-linked polysialic acid (α2.8-polySIA) reduces pro-inflammatory myeloid cell maturation. This immunomodulatory effect was observed in vitro and in a preclinical model of multiple sclerosis, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach for CNS autoimmunity.

Keywords:
Siglec receptorsautoimmunitymonocyte maturationmultiple sclerosismyeloid cellsneuroinflammationpolysialic acid

More Related Videos

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions
09:41

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Published on: October 17, 2017

13.8K
Isolation Protocol of Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells and Their Subsequent In Vitro Activation with Tumor Immune Complexes
11:48

Isolation Protocol of Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells and Their Subsequent In Vitro Activation with Tumor Immune Complexes

Published on: May 31, 2018

12.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Author Spotlight: Dendritic Cells Maturation Using Sialidases-Based Enzymatic Treatment of the Cell Surface
13:36

Author Spotlight: Dendritic Cells Maturation Using Sialidases-Based Enzymatic Treatment of the Cell Surface

Published on: October 20, 2023

4.2K
Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions
09:41

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Published on: October 17, 2017

13.8K
Isolation Protocol of Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells and Their Subsequent In Vitro Activation with Tumor Immune Complexes
11:48

Isolation Protocol of Mouse Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells and Their Subsequent In Vitro Activation with Tumor Immune Complexes

Published on: May 31, 2018

12.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Glycobiology

Background:

  • Sialic acids are crucial for central nervous system (CNS) development and integrity.
  • Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec) receptors can be modulated by α2.8-linked polysialic acids to influence immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of α2.8-linked low molecular weight polysialic acid (α2.8-polySIA) on monocytes.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential of α2.8-polySIA in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model for multiple sclerosis (MS).

Main Methods:

  • In vitro exposure of murine and human monocytes to α2.8-polySIA.
  • Phenotypic, functional, and transcriptomic analyses using flow cytometry and RNA sequencing.
  • Therapeutic efficacy assessment in EAE mice.

Main Results:

  • α2.8-polySIA inhibited toll-like receptor-induced maturation of monocytes into pro-inflammatory effector cells.
  • RNA sequencing revealed a shift towards a regulatory phenotype in human myeloid cells treated with α2.8-polySIA.
  • Therapeutic administration of α2.8-polySIA resulted in a milder disease course in EAE mice.

Conclusions:

  • α2.8-polySIA modulates myeloid cell phenotype in vitro and in vivo.
  • Polysialic acid holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy for myeloid-driven inflammation in CNS autoimmune diseases like MS.