Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 25, 2026

Measuring the Complete-arch Distortion of an Optical Dental Impression
Published on: May 30, 2019
Prevalence of Proximal Overhangs in Class II Composite Restorations Placed by Undergraduate Students at Qassim
Abdulmajeed N Alwably1, Bilal Arjumand2, Hamad Mohammad Alharkan3
1College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, SAU.
Abstract:
Background Proximal overhangs in class II composite restorations are common technical errors that can contribute to plaque retention and localized periodontal inflammation. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of proximal overhangs in class II composite restorations placed by undergraduate dental students at Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, using bitewing radiographic analysis. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Dentistry, Qassim University. Competency sheets from fourth- and fifth-year students during the 2023-2024 academic year were reviewed. Bitewing radiographs meeting inclusion criteria (vital permanent teeth with good-quality images) were analyzed. Exclusion criteria included missing adjacent teeth and third molars. Two calibrated evaluators assessed each radiograph with high inter- and intra-examiner reliability (Cohen's kappa = 0.90). Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 23, and chi-square tests were applied (p < 0.05). Results Of the 292 restorations reviewed, 84 (28.8%) met inclusion criteria. Among these, 21 (25%) showed proximal overhangs. Fifth-year students recorded 14 (28%) overhangs versus 7 (20.5%) among fourth-year students (p = 0.793). Female students showed 7 (26%) overhangs compared to 14 (24.6%) for males (p = 0.892). Overhangs were slightly more frequent in maxillary 10 (26.3%) than mandibular 11 (24%) restorations (p = 0.800). Mesial surfaces exhibited 12 (27.9%) overhangs compared to 9 (22%) on distal surfaces (p = 0.529). No associations were statistically significant. Conclusion One in four class II composite restorations placed by undergraduate students at Qassim University showed proximal overhangs, with no significant difference by academic year, gender, arch, or surface. The findings highlight a continued need to strengthen matrix adaptation and finishing techniques in undergraduate restorative training.
More Related Videos
05:30Roughness Impact of Piezoelectric Dental Scaler on Two Distinct Flowable Composite Filling Materials
Published on: January 10, 2025
07:42Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
Published on: December 20, 2024
Related Concept Videos
Center of Gravity
To determine its location, the principle of moments can be utilized by dividing the object into...
Center of Mass
The knowledge of the center of mass can also help us to describe and predict the motion of objects. For example, when a ball is thrown into...
Composite Bodies
Composite bodies have widespread applications in mechanical engineering, from automobiles to aircraft to rockets. For example, an automobile wheel comprises...
Indeterminate Structure
Buoyancy and Stability for Submerged and Floating Bodies