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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
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Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
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Updated: Jan 12, 2026

DNA Fingerprinting of Mycobacterium leprae Strains Using Variable Number Tandem Repeat VNTR - Fragment Length Analysis FLA
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Leprosy in Florida: a rising concern.

Sarah Cameron1, Jorge Cervantes1

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FEMS Microbiology Letters
|November 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leprosy incidence is increasing in Florida. Transmission may occur through prolonged respiratory exposure or contact with armadillos or contaminated soil, even without known exposure history.

Keywords:
Mycobacterium lepraeFloridaarmadillogardening soilleprosy

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Leprosy (Hansen's disease) incidence is rising in the Southeastern U.S., notably Florida, now considered endemic.
  • Caused by Mycobacterium leprae (or M. lepromatosis), leprosy presents with dermatologic and neurologic symptoms influenced by host immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate reported leprosy cases in Florida.
  • Evaluate potential transmission routes, especially in individuals without known exposure to leprosy patients or armadillos.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of leprosy cases in Florida.
  • Analysis of transmission hypotheses, including environmental and animal vectors.

Main Results:

  • Several cases linked to armadillo exposure.
  • Proposed soil contamination (e.g., gardening) as a transmission route for individuals lacking typical exposure history.
  • Hypothesized human-to-human (respiratory) and armadillo-related (direct or soil) transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Physicians should consider leprosy in differential diagnoses for unexplained dermatologic/neurologic symptoms in endemic areas.
  • Diagnostic considerations include testing skin lesion sensation and assessing for nerve thickening and numbness.
  • Environmental factors, including soil and armadillo contact, warrant consideration for leprosy transmission.