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A pharmacist-led mobile pop-up clinic: Development and pilot implementation outcomes
Background:
Mobile health clinic models represent a promising, cost-effective approach to providing health care which pharmacists are well equipped to provide. Implementation science (IS) concepts and frameworks may be particularly valuable when designing such models of health care delivery for populations with limited access to care. We apply IS principles to develop a pharmacy-led mobile pop-up clinic, evaluate its implementation, and identify suggested areas of improvement.
Objective:
To develop a novel pharmacist-led mobile pop-up clinic and describe its appropriateness, adoption, acceptability, feasibility, and fidelity.
Methods:
Design of the model incorporated mitigation strategies identified through preimplementation work utilizing the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change Implementation Strategy Matching Tool. Community stakeholder interviews in the target community were conducted to assess appropriateness prior to site selection. Implementation outcomes were selected from Proctor's Implementation Outcomes Framework. Specifically, acceptability and feasibility were evaluated utilizing questionnaires adapted from the Theory of Informed Acceptability and Feasibility of Intervention Measure, respectively, and debriefing sessions were held with volunteers and the project team. A checklist was utilized to evaluate fidelity.
Results:
The pop-up clinic had overall positive outcomes. Community stakeholders supported appropriateness of the clinic in their community. Adoption was 100% for the site, collaborators, and services offered. High levels of acceptability were seen from both patients (75% "very acceptable") and volunteers (88.9% "completely acceptable"). Volunteers found the event feasible in all categories. Debriefing sessions with volunteers supported acceptability and feasibility. Fidelity was variable.
Conclusion:
The application of the empirically supported CFIR and Proctor Implementation Outcomes Framework yielded positive results in the delivery of a pharmacy-led pilot mobile pop-up clinic.
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