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Updated: Jan 12, 2026

A New Single Chamber Implantable Defibrillator with Atrial Sensing: A Practical Demonstration of Sensing and Ease of Implantation
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Lead Management: Device Programming and Defibrillation Threshold Testing.

Charles Yao-Cheng Ho1, Martin K Stiles2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Waikato Hospital, 183 Pembroke Street, Hamilton 3204, New Zealand.

Cardiology Clinics
|November 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) improve survival by preventing sudden cardiac death. However, physician programming decisions are crucial to minimize risks like inappropriate shocks, which can negatively impact patient outcomes.

Keywords:
CIEDCardiac arrestCardiovascular implantable electronic deviceICDICD programmingImplantable cardioverter-defibrillatorSudden cardiac deathVentricular arrhythmia

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Devices
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are vital for reducing sudden cardiac death (SCD) and improving survival in high-risk patients.
  • Inappropriate or unnecessary ICD shocks pose significant risks, including pro-arrhythmia, psychological distress, reduced quality of life, and increased mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review transvenous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) programming strategies.
  • To guide physician decisions by synthesizing evidence from clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical trials focused on transvenous ICD programming.
  • Analysis of operative and programming decisions impacting ICD therapy benefits and risks.

Main Results:

  • Physician decisions in ICD implantation and programming critically influence patient outcomes.
  • Optimized programming is essential to balance the benefits of ICDs against the risks of inappropriate shocks.

Conclusions:

  • Transvenous ICD programming guided by clinical trial evidence is essential for maximizing patient benefit.
  • Careful programming minimizes inappropriate shocks, mitigating adverse effects and improving quality of life for ICD recipients.