Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

2.7K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
2.7K
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

1.3K
Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
1.3K
Nightmares and Night Terrors01:18

Nightmares and Night Terrors

450
Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares...
450
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

1.3K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
1.3K
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

831
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
831
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

1.4K
Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Knowledge and Barriers to Safe Sleep Counseling Among Pediatric Emergency Department Clinicians and Trainees.

The Journal of pediatrics·2025
Same author

Strategies for Improving Breastfeeding Rates: Perspectives of Public Health Staff.

Pediatrics open science·2025
Same author

Changes in Sleep Practices During and After Illness.

Pediatrics·2025
Same author

Integrating Infant Safe Sleep and Breastfeeding Education Into an App in a Novel Approach to Reaching High-Risk Populations: Prospective Observational Study.

JMIR pediatrics and parenting·2025
Same author

Measles Outbreak Associated with a Migrant Shelter - Chicago, Illinois, February-May 2024.

MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report·2024
Same author

The importance of community resources for breastfeeding.

International breastfeeding journal·2024
Same journal

Barriers, Breakthroughs, and the Future of Pediatric Dermatologic Care.

Pediatric clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Advancing Pediatric Dermatology: Innovations in Care and Access.

Pediatric clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

No Child Left Behind: Advancing Access in Pediatric Dermatology, a 4-Year, Single-Center Experience.

Pediatric clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Telemedicine and Access to Pediatric Dermatology Care.

Pediatric clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Inequitable Reimbursement for Pediatric Providers: A Review of Structural Factors that Disincentivize the Care of Children.

Pediatric clinics of North America·2026
Same journal

Medical Photography's Power to Change Medical Care.

Pediatric clinics of North America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

P50 Sensory Gating in Infants
12:55

P50 Sensory Gating in Infants

Published on: December 26, 2013

9.6K

Sleep-Related Infant Death.

Gina Lowell1, Kyran Quinlan1, Rachel Moon2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Children's Hospital, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|November 5, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) remains a major cause of infant mortality in the US. Addressing inconsistent coding and improving surveillance are key to reducing SUID rates and racial disparities.

Keywords:
Infant mortalitySleep environmentSleep positionSudden infant death syndromeSudden unexpected infant deathSuffocation

More Related Videos

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling
03:46

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling

Published on: October 11, 2018

10.9K
Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

12.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 12, 2026

P50 Sensory Gating in Infants
12:55

P50 Sensory Gating in Infants

Published on: December 26, 2013

9.6K
Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling
03:46

Chronic Sleep Deprivation in Mouse Pups by Means of Gentle Handling

Published on: October 11, 2018

10.9K
Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

12.5K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatric Mortality
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) is the primary cause of post-neonatal mortality in the US, affecting approximately 3700 infants annually.
  • Significant racial and ethnic disparities exist in SUID rates, which differ across geographic regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss challenges hindering progress in SUID rate reduction, including diagnostic coding inconsistencies, lack of national surveillance, and low risk perception.
  • To highlight promising advancements in SUID surveillance and prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and data on SUID.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to inconsistent diagnostic coding.
  • Examination of current SUID surveillance systems and prevention initiatives.

Main Results:

  • Progress in reducing SUID rates is impeded by inconsistent diagnostic coding and the absence of a unified national surveillance system.
  • Low public perception of SUID risks further complicates prevention efforts.
  • Despite challenges, there are emerging positive developments in SUID surveillance and prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Effective SUID reduction requires standardized diagnostic coding and a robust national surveillance system.
  • Enhancing risk perception among caregivers and the public is crucial for prevention.
  • Continued focus on surveillance and evidence-based prevention strategies is essential to address SUID and its associated disparities.