A Systematic Review on Natural Products, Nanotechnology and their Recent Updates Towards Management of CFA-induced...

The inflamed, symmetrical, persistent autoimmune condition, rheumatoid arthritis, starts small and gradually spreads to bigger joints. It may damage joints and internal organs resulting in permanent impairment. The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by natural products focusing on inflammatory cytokines is mentioned.

The data for this study were found on PubMed, Google Scholar, ACS Publishing Centre, Springer Nature, Bentham Science, PLOS One, MDPI, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE. The electronic databases were used to search literature published after 2021.

The progressive development of joint deterioration is prevented by early therapy. Pathophysiology of RA in patients has been largely emulated in the experimental model of arthritis induced with CFA, and this has allowed the evaluation of the efficiency of natural products, such as extracts of medicinal plants, metabolites isolated from them, and even bioactive nanoparticles. The effect of arthritic illness has been effectively slowed down by natural extract, dietary phenolic substances metabolite, whereas the nanoparticles overcome the bioavailability.

The management of illness is the main focus of the majority. Cost, mode of administration, safety, and efficacy have a significant role in influencing patient choice. Natural products and nanoparticles possess efficient interaction with the body microbiota to maintain health and prevent disease.

Nanotechnology possesses inflammatory action via various mechanisms, i.e. VEGF, MMP2, MMP3, TNFα, NF-κB, IL1β, IL6, to provide fascinating new understandings of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory characteristics. Numerous extracts and phytochemicals are reported in CFA-induced arthritis. This article discusses the pathophysiology, risk factors and treatment, focusing on natural products and nanotechnology.