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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Invasive Meningococcal Disease in a Patient With Complement 7 Deficiency.

Hiroaki Nishioka1, Kazuki Maegawa1, Shigeo Hara2

  • 1Department of General Internal Medicine Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Kobe Japan.

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|November 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) can occur in young adults with underlying complement deficiencies. A Japanese man with complement component 7 deficiency recovered after treatment for N. meningitidis infection.

Keywords:
Neisseria meningitidiscomplement 7 deficiencyinvasive meningococcal diseaseleukocytoclastic vasculitispurpura

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Primary complement deficiencies increase the risk of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD).
  • IMD cases linked to complement deficiency are rare in Japan.
  • Neisseria meningitidis is a bacterium that can cause IMD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of IMD in a Japanese adult with a complement deficiency.
  • To highlight the importance of considering complement deficiencies in patients with IMD, even in seemingly healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 35-year-old Japanese man with fever and rash.
  • Blood culture for bacterial identification.
  • Antibiotic treatment and clinical follow-up.
  • Genetic analysis to identify complement component deficiencies.

Main Results:

  • Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B was identified in blood cultures.
  • The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics and recovered fully.
  • Genetic analysis revealed a deficiency in complement component 7.

Conclusions:

  • Invasive meningococcal disease can affect young, healthy individuals.
  • Complement deficiencies, such as complement component 7 deficiency, should be considered in patients with IMD.
  • This case underscores the importance of diagnosing complement deficiencies for managing and preventing recurrent IMD.