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Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
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Dendritic Cell Therapy in Chronic Viral Infections: Current Applications, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

Mirsaeed Abdollahi1,2, Reyhaneh Rasizadeh1,3,4, Narges Eslami5,6

  • 1Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica
|November 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Dendritic cell (DC) therapy shows promise for treating chronic viral infections like HIV, HBV, and HCV. Optimizing DC-based vaccines could lead to long-lasting immunity against these persistent viruses.

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DCdendritic cellimmunotherapytherapyviral infection

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial immune modulators.
  • DC therapy is a promising immunotherapy for viral infections.
  • Chronic viral infections like HIV, HBV, and HCV pose significant health challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines for treating chronic viral infections.
  • To explore the progress and challenges in DC therapy for viral diseases.
  • To highlight how DC insights can improve vaccine design for long-term immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on DC therapy and viral infections.
  • Analysis of DC's role in immune response modulation.
  • Examination of clinical progress and challenges in DC-based vaccine development.

Main Results:

  • DC therapy demonstrates tangible progress in combating viral infections.
  • DC-based vaccines offer potential for long-lasting immunity.
  • Optimizing DC therapy requires addressing specific challenges.

Conclusions:

  • DC-based vaccines represent a viable strategy for chronic viral infections (HIV, HBV, HCV).
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and optimize DC therapy.
  • Harnessing DCs can lead to more effective vaccines against persistent viral threats.