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Collagen composition in equine exuberant granulation tissue reflects tissue immaturity.
Lena Partusch1, Catrin Sian Rutland2, Ann Martens3
1Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Plos One
|November 6, 2025
Summary
Exuberant granulation tissue (EGT) in horses shows increased immature collagen, indicating delayed healing. Targeting tissue maturation could improve equine wound regeneration and reduce treatment costs.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Wound Healing Research
- Equine Health
Background:
- Exuberant granulation tissue (EGT) is a common wound healing disorder in horses, particularly on distal limbs.
- This fibroproliferative condition increases treatment duration and cost, sometimes leading to euthanasia.
- The exact pathomechanisms of EGT, including collagen composition and myofibroblast/blood vessel interactions, are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate collagen composition in equine EGT.
- To compare collagen distribution and myofibroblast presence in EGT versus control wounds.
- To identify potential therapeutic targets for improving EGT healing.
Main Methods:
- Histological assessment of collagen distribution in EGT and control equine wounds.
- Immunofluorescence to colocalize myofibroblasts and angiogenic markers.
- Comparison of immature (Type III) and total collagen amounts.
Main Results:
- EGT wounds exhibited significantly higher levels of immature collagen (Type III) compared to controls.
- Total collagen amounts did not significantly differ between EGT and control groups.
- Occluded microvessels, endothelial cell hypertrophy, and ubiquitous myofibroblasts were observed in EGT.
Conclusions:
- Equine EGT is characterized by immature collagen composition, suggesting a delay in tissue maturation.
- Myofibroblast presence and vascular changes are notable features of EGT.
- Promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) maturation represents a promising therapeutic strategy for EGT.
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