Morphology and biological characteristics of the electrochemically modified titanium surface

An anodic polarization of the commercially pure titanium samples in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) in the range of potentials 0.00 to 1.00 V provides an electrochemical surface modification due to controlled passivation. The titanium oxide film thickness calculated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy falls in two ranges: 8-11 nm for experiments conducted at open circuit potentials, and 12-26 nm for experiments under conditions of anodic polarization. The maximum value of the root mean square roughness (R_a = 80 nm) was obtained using a polarization potential of 0.75 V. At the same potential, minimal interaction of rat's fibroblasts with the titanium samples surface was observed. Thus, the analysis methods used in the work made it possible to quantify the inverse relationship between the surface heterogeneity and the adhesion of model cells in vitro.