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Periorificial dermatitis: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.

Lorena A Acevedo-Fontanez1, Abizairie Sánchez-Feliciano1, Sherry Ershadi1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
|November 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periorificial dermatitis, a common facial rash, lacks a clear cause and FDA-approved treatments. This review explores its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and current therapeutic strategies for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
causesdiagnosismanagementpathophysiologyperioral dermatitisperiorificial dermatitistreatmenttriggers

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pathogenesis of skin conditions

Background:

  • Periorificial dermatitis is a prevalent facial rash with significant quality-of-life impacts.
  • Its exact causes are unknown, and no specific US FDA-approved treatments exist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of periorificial dermatitis pathogenesis.
  • To discuss diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses.
  • To summarize available treatment options.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of periorificial dermatitis.
  • Analysis of etiological factors, including skin barrier, inflammation, and microbiome.
  • Review of diagnostic features and treatment modalities.

Main Results:

  • Pathogenesis involves inciting factors, skin barrier defects, inflammation, and microbiome alterations.
  • Distinguishing periorificial dermatitis from similar conditions is crucial for effective management.
  • Current treatments include skincare, topical, and systemic therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding pathogenesis is key to developing targeted therapies for periorificial dermatitis.
  • Accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate treatment selection.
  • A multimodal approach to treatment is often necessary.