Multimodal relationships and multifactorial associations between oral microecological and neurodegenerative diseases

Dysregulation of the oral microbiome can result in inflammation of the oral mucosa and is associated with the development and advancement of numerous local and systemic illnesses, including those triggered by viral infections. The review thoroughly examines how the IL-17/Th17 response contributes to both protective immunity and inflammation in the oral mucosa, as well as its role in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases. A theoretical structure is offered for the possible connections among immune cells and the bacteria in the mouth. Changes in the oral microbiome and its produced pro-inflammatory factors may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for the invasion of potential neurodegenerative pathogens, offering predictive and early warning value for the severity of neurodegenerative diseases. Studying the intricate connection between the oral microbiome and neurodegenerative diseases offers potential for innovative strategies in preventing and treating the advancement of such conditions. Additional investigation is needed to reveal the mechanisms behind this connection and offer important insights for upcoming clinical procedures.