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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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Effect of the CBCT data segmentation threshold on registration accuracy with surface scanning.

Lucio Lo Russo1, Mauro Lorusso2, Carlo Ercoli3

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Different cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) segmentation thresholds significantly impact the accuracy of registering intraoral surface scans (IOS) to 3D bone models. This can lead to errors in surgical planning and guide fabrication.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Imaging and Diagnostics
  • Computer-Aided Implantology

Background:

  • Accurate spatial alignment between CBCT and IOS data is critical for dental applications.
  • Segmentation thresholds in CBCT processing can alter 3D bone model geometry, affecting registration accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of varying CBCT segmentation thresholds on the accuracy of IOS registration.
  • To determine if segmentation threshold choices influence the precision of 3D model alignment for dental procedures.

Main Methods:

  • CBCT and IOS data from 19 patients were analyzed.
  • Standard tessellation language (STL) models were created using seven CBCT segmentation thresholds (250-1750 HU).
  • IOS data were aligned to CBCT-derived bone models, with deviations measured across X, Y, and Z axes.

Main Results:

  • Segmentation thresholds significantly affected registration accuracy across all axes (P<.001).
  • Deviations ranged from -0.08 to 0.33 mm (X-axis), 0.01 to 0.03 mm (Y-axis), and -0.13 to -0.66 mm (Z-axis).
  • Higher thresholds correlated with increased Z-axis (apicocoronal) deviation.

Conclusions:

  • CBCT segmentation thresholds substantially influence IOS to STL bone model registration accuracy, especially in the apicocoronal direction.
  • Potential inaccuracies can compromise surgical and prosthetic planning, including surgical guide fabrication and implant positioning.
  • Clinicians must consider segmentation threshold selection as a critical factor for accurate dental treatment planning.