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Evaluating disruption scenarios for improving downstream oil supply chain resilience and cost minimization using

Malik Asad Hayat Awan1, Afshan Naseem1, Ali Ahsan2

  • 1Department of Engineering Management, College of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Scientific Reports
|November 6, 2025
PubMed

Keywords:
Downstream oilHeuristic search algorithmsMonte carlo simulationSupply chain optimization

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