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RPL29 as a radiotherapy-sensitive prognostic biomarker in multiple myeloma.

Yihua Wang^1,2, Qi Jia³, Hongxiu Liu¹

¹Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.

World Journal of Surgical Oncology

|November 6, 2025

Summary

Ribosomal protein L29 (RPL29) downregulation after radiotherapy correlates with better outcomes in multiple myeloma (MM). This identifies RPL29 as a potential prognostic biomarker for MM patients.

Keywords:

Biomarkers Gene expression Immune microenvironment Multiple myeloma RPL29 Radiotherapy

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Area of Science:

Hematologic Oncology
Radiation Oncology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a significant hematologic malignancy with limited radiotherapy advancements.
The molecular impact of radiotherapy in MM is not well understood, despite its palliative use.
This study investigates RPL29 as a novel radiotherapy-responsive gene in MM.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify radiotherapy-responsive genes in multiple myeloma.
To evaluate the prognostic and therapeutic significance of RPL29 in MM.
To explore the molecular effects of radiotherapy in MM.

Main Methods:

Utilized murine models, radiotherapy, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), qPCR, and bioinformatics.
Included clinical MM patient samples for validation.
Performed differential gene expression analysis and constructed protein-protein interaction networks.

Main Results:

RNA-seq identified 424 upregulated and 33 downregulated genes post-radiotherapy.
RPL29 was consistently downregulated in response to 2 Gy radiotherapy, unlike RPL19.
RPL29 downregulation was validated in MM cell lines and patient samples.

Conclusions:

RPL29 downregulation after 2 Gy radiotherapy is linked to improved MM prognosis.
RPL29 serves as a potential prognostic biomarker in MM.
Findings support targeted therapeutic strategies involving RPL29 in MM.