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Changes in hepatic and renal Doppler ultrasonography: Current standard therapy in dogs with congestive heart failure

Çağatay Esin1, Murat Güzel1

  • 1Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.

Open Veterinary Journal
|November 7, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs impairs kidney and liver blood flow. Standard CHF treatment, including pimobendan, improved these hemodynamic changes within two weeks, suggesting therapeutic benefits for cardiorenal and cardiohepatic function.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Congestive heart failure (CHF) compromises cardiac output, leading to systemic vascular changes and organ dysfunction, particularly affecting the kidneys and liver.
  • Dogs with advanced heart failure exhibit significant hemodynamic alterations in vital organs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of standard CHF therapy on renal and hepatic hemodynamics in dogs.
  • To evaluate the recovery of kidney and liver vascular function during treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Doppler ultrasonography was employed to measure renal and hepatic hemodynamic indices in 15 dogs with CHF (Stages C/D) and 10 healthy controls.
  • Dogs received standard therapy (pimobendan, enalapril, furosemide) for four weeks, with assessments at baseline and weeks 1, 2, and 4.

Main Results:

  • Dogs with CHF showed significantly deteriorated hepatic and renal resistive indices and renal pulsatility index compared to healthy controls.
  • Hemodynamic abnormalities in the kidney and liver began to show improvement after two weeks of treatment.
  • Echocardiography confirmed heart failure diagnosis, and Doppler findings correlated with disease severity.

Conclusions:

  • CHF significantly impairs renal and hepatic vascular hemodynamics in dogs.
  • Standard CHF therapy demonstrates potential to reverse or improve cardiorenal and cardiohepatic dysfunction associated with the condition.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiohepatic syndromeCardiorenal syndromeDogDoppler ultrasonographyHeart failure

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