Spectrophotometric Determination of Fluometuron Via Complexation with Fe(III): Method Development, Validation, and
Mian Muhammad1, Mushtaq Ahmad2, Sikandar Khan3
1Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. mianchem@uom.edu.pk.
Journal of Fluorescence
|November 7, 2025
Summary
A new spectrophotometric method accurately determines fluometuron (pesticide) in environmental samples. This cost-effective technique offers high sensitivity for monitoring water and soil contamination.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Environmental Science
- Spectrophotometry
Background:
- Fluometuron is a herbicide requiring accurate environmental monitoring.
- Existing methods may lack cost-effectiveness or sensitivity for widespread use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a simple, cost-effective, accurate, and sensitive spectrophotometric method for fluometuron determination.
- To validate the method's performance in various environmental matrices.
Main Methods:
- Formation of a metal complex between fluometuron and Fe(III).
- Spectrophotometric measurement of absorbance at 347 nm.
- Calibration curve construction and validation using Beer's law.
Main Results:
- Excellent linearity (R² = 0.997) in the 0.25-5.0 µg mL⁻¹ range.
- Low limit of detection (0.0787 µg mL⁻¹) and quantification (0.238 µg mL⁻¹).
- High accuracy with recoveries from 82.12% to 97.80% in spiked samples.
Conclusions:
- The developed spectrophotometric method is reliable for routine environmental monitoring of fluometuron.
- The method is suitable for analyzing fluometuron in diverse samples like tap water, canal water, pond water, and soil.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:14Photoluminescence: Applications
983
Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
983
01:29Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy
882
Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which...
882
01:25Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation
1.4K
Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
1.4K
01:16Flame Photometry: Lab
829
In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
829
00:39Complexometric Titration: Overview
11.3K
Complexometric titration involves the formation of a complex by reacting a metal ion with one or more ligands. A visual indicator often detects the end point of a complexometric titration. It is added to the metal solution before the titration, forming a stable metal–indicator complex and imparting color to the solution. As the titration approaches the equivalence point, the excess of the added ligand displaces the indicator from the metal–indicator complex, releasing the free...
11.3K