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Patterns of Recurrence and Oncologic Outcomes After Maxillectomy: Does Reconstructive Modality Matter?

Cameron Lee1, Salim Abdul Wasay2, Glyndwr Jenkins3

  • 1Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
|November 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Reconstruction method after maxillectomy for oral cancer does not impact recurrence detection or survival. Both obturator and native tissue reconstructions showed similar outcomes for oral cavity malignancies.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral oncology
  • Maxillofacial surgery
  • Reconstructive surgery

Background:

  • Reconstruction after maxillectomy is crucial for oral cancer patients.
  • Concerns exist that reconstructive methods may affect recurrence detection and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between reconstructive modality and time to local recurrence detection.
  • To assess the impact of reconstruction on survival outcomes in maxillectomy patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 154 patients undergoing maxillectomy for oral malignancy.
  • Compared obturator reconstruction versus native tissue reconstruction (local, regional, free flap).
  • Analyzed local disease-free survival, overall survival, and recurrence detection methods.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in local disease-free survival or overall survival based on reconstructive modality.
  • Recurrence detection (clinical vs. radiographic) and resectability were also not significantly associated with reconstruction type.
  • Local recurrence occurred in 26.6% of patients, with similar rates between obturator and native tissue groups.

Conclusions:

  • Reconstructive modality following maxillectomy does not influence the timeliness of local recurrence detection.
  • Choice of reconstruction (obturator vs. native tissue) does not negatively impact survival outcomes for oral cavity malignancies.