Management of nephrogenic adenoma in pediatric patients with multiple urological interventions

Nephrogenic adenoma (NA) is an extremely rare benign tumor in children that may be misdiagnosed as malignant.

An 8 years-old male with history of previous pyeloplasty and bilateral ureteral reimplantation that during follow-up presented with an excrescent asymptomatic lesion in the bladder. A cystoscopy to take biopsies was performed, consistent with a metaplastic lesion or NA. Finally, a partial cystectomy was conducted and confirmed the diagnosis of a NA. No recurrence has been observed after 5 years of follow-up.

NA is a rare condition, but it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of urinary tract tumors specially in patients with previous urological procedures. It can appear as an incidental finding, but the elective treatment is resection. Malignant transformation has been described in adults. Besides, recurrence rates are quite high in pediatric patients, so long-term follow-up is mandatory.