Smoking cessation counseling practices in Jordan: Using the trans-theoretical model
Duaa M Al-Hourani1, Rawand A Khasawneh2, Samah F Al-Shatnawi2
1Department of Health Care Management and Quality, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Most healthcare providers (HCPs) in Jordan do not fully implement smoking cessation counseling (SCC) guidelines. Training and education programs are needed to improve SCC practices among HCPs for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
- Healthcare Practice
Background:
- The trans-theoretical model (TTM) is a framework for understanding behavior change.
- Smoking cessation counseling (SCC) is crucial for public health.
- Assessing SCC practices among healthcare providers (HCPs) is essential for improving patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess smoking cessation counseling (SCC) practices among Jordanian healthcare providers (HCPs) using the trans-theoretical model (TTM).
- To identify factors influencing SCC practices, including healthcare setting and provider type.
- To understand the gap between current practices and established SCC guidelines.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted among 443 Jordanian HCPs (pharmacists, nurses, physicians, dentists).
- An online self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on SCC practices.
- Data were analyzed to assess the frequency of SCC interventions and influencing factors.
Main Results:
- Only 24.2% of HCPs advised all patients to stop smoking; few assisted with quit attempts or follow-up.
- Less than 30% of HCPs received training on SCC techniques, with moderate confidence levels reported.
- HCPs in the private sector and dentists/physicians showed higher engagement in SCC compared to public sector and nurses/pharmacists.
Conclusions:
- Jordanian HCPs do not fully adhere to the "5 As" SCC guidelines.
- Provider characteristics (sector, profession) and individual factors (stage of change, self-efficacy) significantly impact SCC practices.
- Targeted training and educational initiatives are recommended to enhance HCPs' SCC skills and patient support.
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