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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 12, 2026

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Tangeretin mitigates ulcerative colitis by improving BMAL1-mediated intestinal barrier function.

Jiaxian Weng1, Zicong Wu2, Yuwei Huang2

  • 1Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Chinese Medicine Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China.

Biochemical Pharmacology
|November 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Tangeretin (TAN) effectively treats ulcerative colitis (UC) by restoring the intestinal circadian clock and enhancing BMAL1 expression. This flavonoid reduces inflammation and improves gut barrier function, offering a new therapeutic avenue for UC management.

Keywords:
BMAL1Circadian clockIntestinal barrierTangeretinUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease linked to circadian rhythm disruption.
  • Tangeretin (TAN), a natural flavonoid, has anti-inflammatory properties, but its efficacy and mechanism in UC via circadian clock modulation are unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic effects of TAN on UC and elucidate its mechanism involving intestinal circadian clock modulation.
  • To assess TAN's impact on colitis severity, rhythmicity, clock gene expression, inflammatory cytokines, and tight junction proteins.

Main Methods:

  • A dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis model was used to evaluate prophylactic TAN administration.
  • Intestinal circadian clock gene oscillations, inflammatory markers, and tight junction proteins were analyzed.
  • In vitro studies with MODE-K cells and intestine-specific Bmal1 knockout (Bmal1iKO) mice confirmed the role of BMAL1.

Main Results:

  • TAN administration significantly alleviated colitis severity and restored locomotor rhythms.
  • TAN reversed UC-induced disruptions in colonic clock genes (Bmal1, Per1/2, Cry1/2, Dbp, Rev-erbα, Rorα), cytokines (Il-6, Il-1β), and tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin).
  • TAN enhanced BMAL1 expression and rhythmicity, crucial for its therapeutic effects, as confirmed in Bmal1iKO mice and in vitro models. Chronotherapeutic efficacy was observed, with optimal results at ZT2.

Conclusions:

  • Tangeretin ameliorates ulcerative colitis by upregulating BMAL1-dependent inflammation suppression and enhancing gut barrier integrity.
  • Circadian clock modulation represents a promising strategy for UC management.
  • The study provides a mechanistic basis for optimizing timed dosing regimens for TAN in clinical settings.