[Research progress on nitrogen use efficiency of wheat]

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Plant Science
• Genetics

Background:

• Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is critical for wheat yield and sustainable agriculture.
• Optimizing nitrogen utilization addresses environmental concerns and resource management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advances in wheat nitrogen use efficiency (NUE).
• To analyze mechanisms, identify bottlenecks, and propose future research directions for enhancing wheat NUE.
• To integrate biotechnologies and agronomic management for improved wheat production.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of genotypic variations, physiological mechanisms, and molecular regulation of NUE in wheat.
• Analysis of nitrogen uptake, transport, assimilation, and redistribution pathways.
• Synthesis of current research challenges and future outlook.

Main Results:

• Identified key regulatory nodes in nitrogen metabolism within wheat.
• Highlighted genotypic differences and physiological strategies impacting NUE.
• Summarized current limitations in breeding for nitrogen-efficient wheat.

Conclusions:

• A strategy combining advanced biotechnologies with precision agronomy can significantly enhance wheat yield and NUE.
• This review provides a framework for developing nitrogen-efficient wheat cultivars.
• Promoting eco-friendly wheat production through improved NUE is achievable.