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Related Concept Videos

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis

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Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
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Mitotic cell division results in daughter cells that exactly resemble the parent cell. However, errors in the DNA replication or distribution of genetic material may lead to genetic mutations that may be passed down to every new cell formed from the resulting abnormal cell. Propagation of such mutant cells is restricted through checkpoint mechanisms present at different stages of the cell cycle. These checkpoints involve regulator molecules that either promote or demote cell cycle events.
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To consistently produce healthy cells, the cell cycle—the process that generates daughter cells—must be precisely regulated.
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Anaphase Promoting Complex00:50

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The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
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Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

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The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
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VDJ-Seq: Deep Sequencing Analysis of Rearranged Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain Gene to Reveal Clonal Evolution Patterns of B Cell Lymphoma
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Cyclin D1 rearranged diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-an evolving concept.

K S Kurz1, A Zamo2, C Drewes3

  • 1Robert Bosch Krankenhaus, Department of Clinical Pathology, Stuttgart, Germany.

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|November 7, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cyclin D1 rearrangements (CCND1-R) are rare in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This study confirms CCND1-R can occur in DLBCL, sometimes without other genetic alterations, challenging previous classifications.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cyclin D1 rearrangement (CCND1-R) is a defining feature of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
  • Recent reports suggest CCND1-R may occur in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), raising diagnostic questions.
  • Screening of numerous aggressive B-cell lymphomas revealed the rarity of CCND1-R in non-MCL cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence and characteristics of DLBCL with CCND1-R.
  • To differentiate these cases from pleomorphic MCL.
  • To analyze the molecular features of DLBCL harboring CCND1-R.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on 15 large B-cell tumors with CCND1-R.
  • Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES).
  • Analysis of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements (IGHV, VDJ, CSR).

Main Results:

  • CCND1-R was confirmed in 15 large B-cell tumors, with cyclin D1 staining and CCND1-R by FISH.
  • Three cases were CD5 positive; all were SOX11 negative.
  • Ten cases involved immunoglobulin gene rearrangements; eight had additional translocations (MYC, BCL2, BCL6).
  • Mutational spectrum analysis via WES was typical for DLBCL in 14/14 cases.
  • CCND1-R in DLBCL can occur independently of other translocations.

Conclusions:

  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas with Cyclin D1 rearrangement do exist.
  • These cases exhibit molecular features consistent with DLBCL.
  • CCND1-R can be an isolated finding in DLBCL, not always requiring additional genetic abnormalities.