Clinical Value of Negative-Pressure Endometrial Sampling Technique in Screening Endometrial Tuberculosis

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis remains a global health issue, with 25% of the population carrying latent infection and 5-10% at risk of active disease. In 2021, 10.6 million people were affected and 1.6 million died. While pulmonary TB is most common, extrapulmonary cases are rising. Female genital TB accounts for 5-30% of infertility worldwide. Endometrial TB often begins asymptomatically but can cause menstrual disorders, pelvic pain, and infertility. This study evaluated the clinical value of negative-pressure endometrial sampling in screening endometrial TB. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty-four patients suspected of having endometrial TB (April 2021-April 2023) were enrolled and divided into a negative-pressure aspiration group (n=48) and a fractional curettage group (n=36). Sampling pain (FRS score), time, satisfaction, diagnostic efficiency, and safety were compared. RESULTS The negative-pressure aspiration group had a significantly lower FRS score and a significantly shorter sampling time than the fractional curettage group (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the distribution of populations with different satisfaction between the 2 groups (P<0.05). Through comparison with the pathological examination results of surgical samples which were set as the criterion standard, the kappa value was 0.692 in the negative-pressure aspiration group, higher than that in the fractional curettage group (0.667). The negative-pressure aspiration group had significantly higher sensitivity and significantly lower specificity compared with the fractional curettage group (89.66% vs 80.00%, P<0.05, 78.95% vs 87.50%, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS During the screening of endometrial tuberculosis, negative-pressure endometrial sampling technology has a high sensitivity, can reduce the pain sensation during sampling and sampling time, and can improve patient satisfaction with sampling.