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Wired to Regulate: Brain Connectivity Predicts Emotion Regulation Capacity and Tendency.

C Morawetz1, M Hajrić1, R A Rammensee2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

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|November 8, 2025
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Summary

Resting-state brain network connectivity influences how people regulate emotions. Specific brain network patterns predict the ability to use emotion regulation strategies like reappraisal or distraction.

Keywords:
cognitive controldistractioneffective connectivityemotion regulationfMRIreappraisalresting‐state connectivityspDCM

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Emotion regulation involves coordinating neural networks for strategy selection and implementation.
  • Previous research focused on task-related activity, leaving the role of intrinsic connectivity less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how resting-state functional connectivity predicts individual differences in emotion regulation strategy selection and capacity.
  • To examine the neural basis of choosing between reappraisal and distraction.

Main Methods:

  • Used spectral Dynamic Causal Modeling (spDCM) on resting-state fMRI data from 40 healthy adults.
  • Analyzed effective connectivity within emotion-related brain networks.
  • Correlated connectivity patterns with performance on emotion regulation tasks.

Main Results:

  • Distinct network dynamics predicted both strategy capacity and tendency (reappraisal vs. distraction).
  • Fronto-parietal and parieto-limbic networks were crucial for both capacity and tendency.
  • Specific connectivity patterns differentiated reappraisal (broader, inhibitory) from distraction (localized, mixed) capacity.

Conclusions:

  • Intrinsic brain network configurations shape individual differences in emotion regulation strategy use.
  • Neural adaptations are strategy-specific, influencing both selection tendency and implementation capacity.