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Updated: Jan 12, 2026

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis
Published on: May 4, 2017
Rituximab in pediatric refractory nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating therapeutic
Junchao Deng1, Lizhen Zhu2, Xiaoshi Zhu3
1Department of Pediatrics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan People's Hospital, No.32 West Section 2, First Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People's Republic of China. dengjunchao13@163.com.
Background:
Rituximab is considered a therapeutic option in children with refractory nephrotic syndrome (RNS). However, the efficacy and safety of rituximab treatment remain unclear.
Objective:
This study systematically evaluated the clinical effectiveness and related adverse event profiles of rituximab compared with other immunosuppressants in children with RNS.
Method:
Two independent investigators conducted the methodological rigor evaluation in a double-blind manner. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4.
Results:
Relative to other conventional second-line agents, rituximab therapy presented a significantly increased relapse-free survival rate [vs. tacrolimus: OR = 3.42, 95% CI = 1.96-5.94, P < 0.01]. Fewer adverse drug reactions occurred in patients with rituximab than with other immunosuppressants [vs. cyclophosphamide: OR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.04-0.89, P = 0.03; vs. tacrolimus: OR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.07-0.92, P = 0.04]. The application of rituximab increased the steroid-discontinued rate and decreased the corticosteroid dose in the treatment [vs. cyclophosphamide: OR = 5.46, 95% CI = 2.00-14.92, P = 0.0009; vs. tacrolimus: OR = 3.42, 95% CI = 1.67-7.01, P = 0.0008].
Conclusion:
Our study demonstrates rituximab's superior efficacy and safety profile compared to conventional second-line immunosuppressants in pediatric RNS, particularly regarding steroid minimization. Systematic review registration number: CRD420251082051.
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