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Related Experiment Video

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Guided Endodontics: Three-Dimensional Planning and Template-Aided Preparation of Endodontic Access Cavities

Guided Endodontics: Three-Dimensional Planning and Template-Aided Preparation of Endodontic Access Cavities

Published on: May 24, 2022

Research on Registration Strategy for Guided Endodontics.

Chang Liu¹, Longfei Ma², Yaopeng Zhang³

¹Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China; First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.

Journal of Endodontics

|November 8, 2025

Summary

Four spatial quadrilateral fiducial markers around the target tooth optimize registration accuracy in guided root canal therapy. This strategy, using four markers, offers superior precision compared to fewer markers or different configurations.

Keywords:

Guided endodontics dynamic navigation registration root canal therapy

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Area of Science:

Dentistry
Medical Imaging
Surgical Navigation

Background:

Guided root canal therapy relies on accurate registration for optimal outcomes.
Fiducial marker strategies significantly influence registration accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the optimal number, configuration, and distribution of fiducial markers for guided root canal therapy registration.
To evaluate registration accuracy using different fiducial marker parameters.

Main Methods:

A 3D-printed mandibular model with fiducial markers on teeth was scanned using cone-beam computed tomography.
Various numbers (3-10), configurations (quadrilateral, triangular, linear), and distribution ranges of markers were tested.
Target Registration Error (TRE) was measured and analyzed using one-way ANOVA.

Main Results:

Four markers yielded significantly lower TREs than three markers for both anterior and posterior teeth.
Quadrilateral marker configurations showed significantly higher accuracy than linear or triangular configurations.
Marker distribution on the target tooth and adjacent teeth improved accuracy compared to the entire mandibular dentition.

Conclusions:

Optimal registration accuracy in endodontic treatment is achieved with four spatial quadrilateral fiducial markers.
These markers should be localized around the target tooth for best results.