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Immune checkpoint inhibitors for recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma: Real-world outcomes from a Korean
Young Eun Chung1, Se Ik Kim2, Joseph J Noh3
1Gynecologic Cancer Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Background:
Recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is an aggressive, chemotherapy-resistant subtype with poor prognosis. Given its distinct biology, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may offer therapeutic potential. This study aimed to assess the real-world efficacy and safety of ICIs in patients with recurrent OCCC in South Korea.
Methods:
We retrospectively investigated the recurrent OCCC patients who treated with ICI at 3 institutions in Korea between 2015 and 2024. We evaluated the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety.
Results:
A total of 66 patients with recurrent OCCC were included in the study. Among them, 39 patients (59.1 %) received pembrolizumab, 15 (22.7 %) received nivolumab, 9 (13.7 %) received durvalumab, and 3 (4.5 %) received avelumab. The median age at diagnosis was 51.0 years (range, 27-86), and patients had received a median of 3 prior lines of systemic therapy (range, 1-10), with 46 patients (69.7 %) having previously received anti-angiogenic agents. The best ORR was 6.3 %, with 4 patients achieving partial responses. The DCR was 21.9 %, including 4 partial responses and 10 cases of stable disease. After a median follow-up of 26.7 months, the median PFS was 2.6 months, and the median OS was 7.8 months. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) of grade 1-3 occurred in 6 patients (40.9 %). No grade 4 or 5 TRAEs were observed.
Conclusions:
Although ICIs were well tolerated, their antitumor activity in recurrent OCCC was limited. Further studies are warranted to clarify the therapeutic role of ICIs in this setting.
