Type of study: original study

Purpose Photobiomodulation(PBM) shows conflicting results in periodontal regeneration due to varied wavelengths and PBM protocols. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, radiographic, and microbiological outcomes of PBM using different wavelengths, i.e., single (SWPBM) and dual wavelengths(DWPBM) as adjuncts to inorganic bovine bone matrix in management of intrabony periodontal defects (IBD). Methodology: This randomized clinical trial included 30 IBDs, allocated to Control, SWPBM using 810 nm diode laser and DWPBM using 810 and 650 nm diode lasers. Probing pocket depth(PPD), Clinical attachment level(CAL), Gingival recession(GR), Plaque index(PI), Gingival index(GI) were recorded at baseline,3, and 6 months. Defect depth(DD), defect angle(DA), linear bone fill(LBF), bone density(BD), and defect volume(DV) were assessed at baseline and 6 months. Microbial levels of periodontal pathogens were evaluated at baseline and 3 months. Early Healing Score(EHS) and pain were recorded on days 1, 7, and 14.

DWPBM demonstrated greater PPD reduction(Mean reduction(MD)-0.70 mm), CAL gain, and higher EHS on Day 7(p = 0.05). DWPBM showed greater DD reduction(MD = 0.50 mm, p = 0.01), and enhanced LBF (MD = 0.82 mm, p = 0.04). Levels of periodontal pathogens achieved substantial reductions at 3 months in DWPBM compared to Control or SWPBM.

DWPBM demonstrated superior clinical outcomes, enhanced LBF and reduced periodontal pathogens, suggesting its role as a valuable therapeutic modality.

The study design was reviewed and approved by the Institutional review board and Institutional Ethical Committee provided the ethical clearance (Ref: Project No. IEVDC/23/PG01/PI/IVV/05). The study was registered with clinical trials registry of India (CTRI/2023/07/054740).