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Author Spotlight: Exploring the Fermentation Microbiome Through Next-Generation Sequencing
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Metabarcoding Profiling Reveals Microbiome Structure and Predicts Functional Shifts in Grapevines Challenged by

P R Oliveira-Pinto1,2, J Oliveira-Fernandes3,4,5, D Gramaje6

  • 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal. up201606827@edu.fc.up.pt.

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Summary

Grapevine black rot disease (BRD) alters leaf microbes, reducing richness but potentially recruiting beneficial bacteria. Symptomatic plants also show increased antibiotic resistance genes, posing health concerns.

Keywords:
Vitis viniferaBeneficial microorganismsBlack rot diseaseDysbiosisEpiphytic microbiome

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Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Microbiology
  • Agroecosystem science

Background:

  • Black rot disease (BRD), caused by Phyllosticta ampelicida, threatens global grape production.
  • The role of grapevine leaf microbiome in disease resistance is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Characterize grapevine phyllosphere microbiota structure.
  • Identify microbial shifts associated with BRD.
  • Investigate potential implications for plant health and human health.

Main Methods:

  • Sampling of healthy and BRD-symptomatic "Touriga Nacional" grapevines in Portugal.
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of epiphytic bacterial DNA from leaf samples.
  • Analysis of microbial diversity, richness, network structure, and functional genes.

Main Results:

  • BRD-symptomatic grapevines showed reduced OTU richness and significant shifts in microbial network assemblages.
  • Increased relative abundance of Acinetobacter and other taxa observed in diseased plants.
  • Symptomatic plants exhibited higher abundance of antibiotic resistance-related KEGG Orthologues (KOS).

Conclusions:

  • Phyllosticta ampelicida infection induces significant changes in the grapevine phyllosphere bacterial community.
  • Shifts in microbiota may indicate a response to biotic stress, with potential implications for disease management.
  • The increased prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in diseased plants warrants further investigation due to potential human health risks.