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Updated: Apr 26, 2026

ReAsH/FlAsH Labeling and Image Analysis of Tetracysteine Sensor Proteins in Cells

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Published on: August 31, 2011

Visualizing Thiol Stress Responses in Cells with a Water-Soluble Raman Sensor.

Hiroyuki Yamakoshi¹, Meichen Wang¹, Keisuke Koga¹

¹Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.

Analytical Chemistry

|November 10, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate live-cell thiol quantification is now possible with iPrCAA, the smallest ratiometric Raman probe. This novel probe enables sensitive, real-time monitoring of intracellular thiol levels and distribution.

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Published on: June 21, 2021

Area of Science:

Chemical Biology
Molecular Imaging
Cell Biology

Background:

Accurate quantification of intracellular thiols in live cells is difficult due to limitations of fluorescent probes.
Existing probes suffer from signal saturation, photobleaching, and dye aggregation, hindering reliable measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce (E)-2-cyano-3-isopropylacrylamide (iPrCAA) as a novel ratiometric Raman probe for quantifying and visualizing intracellular thiol concentrations.
To demonstrate iPrCAA's utility for real-time monitoring of thiol dynamics in live cells.

Main Methods:

Development and characterization of iPrCAA, the smallest thiol-detecting probe for live-cell analysis.
Utilizing iPrCAA as a ratiometric Raman probe for sensitive thiol detection.
Monitoring intracellular thiol depletion in a thiol-free medium and visualizing thiol distribution.

Main Results:

iPrCAA is the smallest available thiol-detecting probe (138 g/mol) with high reactivity and water solubility, enhancing sensitivity.
Real-time monitoring showed a ~3-fold reduction in thiol levels in a thiol-free medium.
Visualized thiol distribution closely correlated with protein distribution within cells.

Conclusions:

iPrCAA offers a practical and sensitive method for quantifying endogenous thiols in live cells.
This Raman probe enables dynamic tracking of thiol fluctuations, particularly under cellular stress conditions.
iPrCAA overcomes limitations of fluorescent probes for accurate intracellular thiol measurements.